Chemical Thermodynamics

Reversible and Irreversible Thermodynamics

This book enables the reader to learn, in a single volume, equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics as well as generalized forms of hydrodynamics for linear and nonlinear processes applied to various hydrodynamic flow processes — including chemical oscillation phenomena and pattern formations, shock wave phenomena, sound wave propagations, and Liesegang pattern formation, amongst others.

Chemical Thermodynamics introduces advanced undergraduate students and graduate students to the fundamental ideas and notions of the first and second laws of thermodynamics by seamlessly combining equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics in a unicameral viewpoint based on the first and second law of thermodynamics. Part I of the book discusses equilibrium thermodynamics in historical deference, covering topics generally dealt with in traditional equilibrium thermodynamics. In Part II, the concept of entropy for reversible processes is extended and developed for thermodynamics of irreversible processes by using the concept of calortropy (heat evolution), so that the mathematical theory of macroscopic processes in matter, including a generalized form of hydrodynamics, is ensured to remain consistent with the thermodynamic laws.

Contents:

• Introduction

• Thermodynamics of Reversible Processes — Equilibrium Thermodynamics:

  • Temperature, Work, and Heat
  • The First Law of Thermodynamics
  • The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  • Equilibrium Conditions and Thermodynamic Stability
  • The Third Law of Thermodynamics
  • Thermodynamics of Mixtures and Open Systems
  • Heterogeneous Equilibria
  • Thermodynamics of Real Fluids
  • Canonical Equation of State
  • Thermodynamics of Real Gas Mixtures
  • Chemical Equilibria
  • Thermodynamics of Solutions
  • Thermodynamics of Surfaces
  • Electrolyte Solutions
  • Debye–Hückel Theory of Strong Electrolyte Solutions
  • Galvanic Cells and Other Classes of Cells
  • Thermodynamics of Electric and Magnetic Fields

• Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes — Irreversible Thermodynamics:

  • Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes
  • Linear Irreversible Thermodynamics
  • Nonlinear Irreversible Processes
  • Oscillatory Structures in Nonlinear Systems

• Appendices:

  • The Second Virial Coefficient of Lennard-Jones Fluids
  • Various Coefficients Used in Chapter 10
  • Local Form of Energy Conservation Law

Readership: Suitable as a chemistry textbook for undergraduates and graduates, and also as a reference source to physical chemistry researchers and chemical engineers.
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